Malnutrition is a condition that arises from either overnutrition or undernutrition. It is characterized by the absence of essential proteins in the blood necessary for the body’s functioning. There are two types of malnutrition:
Different Forms of Malnutrition:
• Acute Malnutrition: Characterized by significant weight loss or reduced height. It develops quickly and can be fatal if not addressed promptly.
• Chronic Malnutrition: Characterized by delayed growth. It is often due to poor quality of food rather than quantity. It is not easily treatable, hence prevention is crucial.
Causes of Malnutrition:
Major factors include poverty, lack of access to clean water, sanitation, medical care, education, and proper nutrition. Over 20 million children worldwide suffer from malnutrition. It is detected by assessing weight and height ratios.
Preventive Measures:
To prevent malnutrition, it is important to consume a balanced diet that includes sugars, oils, proteins, minerals, carbohydrates, and vitamins. Properly balanced food prevents protein deficiencies and malnutrition.
According to Dr. Mbary Siolo Mada Bebelou, Head of Nutrition and Food Hygiene at the Primary Health Care Directorate of the Ministry of Public Health:
“The symptoms of malnutrition, commonly referred to as ‘kwashiorkor,’ are more evident in children due to protein deficiency in their diet. In adults, this condition often results from chronic diseases like HIV/AIDS and is characterized by swelling in the feet.”
Several Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in the Central African Republic are working to combat malnutrition by providing essential products (spirulina, nutritious pasta packets containing oil, milk, sugar, vitamins, minerals, and peanuts) in health centers in Bangui and across the country to balance nutrition and reduce malnutrition rates.
By Marie-Paule Vopiadé / Romaric Gbomandji, AFC
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